malheur

noun 3 senses

emotions experienced when not in a state of well-being

malheur is French for sadness, and every measurement below was made on that English word. Definitions come from English WordNet; Open Multilingual WordNet supplies the French headword, not a French definition.

also covers woes suffering
Qwen3 8B
DeepSeek V3
Mistral 7B

Panels 3, 4 and 5 are computed per model. Switch to see them disagree.

1 Your word measured
noun 3 senses 5 synonyms 1 antonyms

Definitions come from WordNet, a hand-curated dictionary.

2 To an AI, it's pieces measured
Qwen3 8B mal he ur 3 tokens
DeepSeek V3 mal heur 2 tokens
Mistral 7B mal he ur 3 tokens

This panel splits malheur itself, not sadness — a tokenizer does not care what language it is fed. It is the only panel here that does.

This is the tokenizer splitting text, not the model understanding it.

3 Synonyms, antonyms, and the AI measured
Qwen3 8B
DeepSeek V3
Mistral 7B

Dictionary synonyms measured

sorrow0.13 unhappiness sorrowfulness gloominess lugubriousness

Dictionary antonyms measured

happiness is the dictionary opposite of sadness, yet this model puts it closer than every one of the 1 synonym it can score. Opposites share the sentences a word lives in, so cosine alone cannot tell them apart - which is why the dictionary seeds this list rather than the geometry.

Shade shows how close the model puts each word to sadness, 1 of 8 also appear in the dictionary. 1 of 5 dictionary synonyms are in this build; the rest have no vector to compare yet.

Dictionary synonyms measured

sorrow0.32 unhappiness sorrowfulness gloominess lugubriousness

Dictionary antonyms measured

Shade shows how close the model puts each word to sadness, 1 of 8 also appear in the dictionary. 1 of 5 dictionary synonyms are in this build; the rest have no vector to compare yet.

This model splits sadness into 2 pieces, so it has no vector of its own here: this is the average of its fragments, and the results below are correspondingly rough.

Dictionary synonyms measured

sorrow0.15 unhappiness sorrowfulness gloominess lugubriousness

Dictionary antonyms measured

Shade shows how close the model puts each word to sadness. 1 of 5 dictionary synonyms are in this build; the rest have no vector to compare yet.

Model neighbours are distributional, not dictionary synonyms. Two words can be close because they appear in similar sentences, which is why an antonym can outscore a synonym here.

4 Its personality measured
Qwen3 8B
DeepSeek V3
Mistral 7B
rare common
concrete abstract
casual formal
everyday technical
negative positive
mild intense
powerless powerful
small big
rare common
concrete abstract
casual formal
everyday technical
negative positive
mild intense
powerless powerful
small big

This model splits sadness into 2 pieces, so it has no vector of its own here: this is the average of its fragments, and the results below are correspondingly rough.

rare common
concrete abstract
casual formal
everyday technical
negative positive
mild intense
powerless powerful
small big

Scores are projections onto axes we defined from anchor words, not labels the model assigns.

5 Surprising neighbours measured
Qwen3 8B
DeepSeek V3
Mistral 7B

These sit just outside the closest neighbours in panel 3, and no dictionary lists any of them as related to sadness. That gap is the model’s own learned association.

These sit just outside the closest neighbours in panel 3, and no dictionary lists any of them as related to sadness. That gap is the model’s own learned association.

This model splits sadness into 2 pieces, so it has no vector of its own here: this is the average of its fragments, and the results below are correspondingly rough.

These sit just outside the closest neighbours in panel 3, and no dictionary lists any of them as related to sadness. That gap is the model’s own learned association.

These are statistical associations in the training data, not the model thinking.